face="Times New Roman Star"ko"pek (Pav. C., AH) 1, ko"belek 2 (OKypch.)
face="Times New Roman Star"ko.ppa"k 1; ko"pa"k 1 (dial.)
face="Times New Roman Star"ko"pa"k 1
face="Times New Roman Star"ko"pek 1
face="Times New Roman Star"ko"bo"k 'ethnonym; name of a hero'
face="Times New Roman Star"ko"pek 1
face="Times New Roman Star"ko"pek 1
face="Times New Roman Star"ko"pe 1 (K)
face="Times New Roman Star"ko"pek 1
face="Times New Roman Star"ko"belek 3, go"ben it 4
face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 291, TMN 3, 646-647, ÝÑÒß 5, 111-112, Ëåêñèêà 189. Basically an Oghuz word, but cf. also Kum. go"ben, OKypch. ko"belek 'shepherd's dog' (Bulgat, ad-Durr., Houts., AH) = Tur. dial. go"belek 'puppy' (possibly < Kypch.), see ÝÑÒß ibid. Despite ÝÑÒß, Kirgh. qara ko"bo"lo"k 'evil spirit appearing as a girl dressed in black and with a black greyhound' is rather = ko"bo"lo"k 'butterfly' (cf. the archaic mythological motive of evil spirit appearing as a butterfly), but a contamination with the word for dog attested in Old Kypchak also cannot be excluded. However, Kalm. ko"wl@g 'greyhound' is not < Kirgh., but from Old Kypchak. The same source is probable for Russ. êîáåëü, dimin. êîáåëå'ê (a re-analysis?) - the word is absent in other Slavic languages, the list of absolutely hopeless etymological attempts can be found in Ôàñìåð II 267. It was attested for the first time in 1599 as a term for a hounting hound: ó ãîñóäàðåâû öàðåâû îõîòû ó êîáåëåé ó ìåäåëÿíñêèõú; the form êîáåëåê (attested in 1673) see in ÑÐß XI-XVIII, 7, 208. Turk. > Hung. kopo/ 'bloodhound', see Gombocz 1912 (Doerfer in TMN 3, 647 objects, but the word has no Finno-Ugric etymology).
face="Times New Roman Star"s/ulz/a, s/ulz?|a, s/úvúls/ 'leaf' ( = Bashk. ja"s?elsa" 'greens, vegetables')
face="Times New Roman Star"saha-r- 2
face="Times New Roman Star"haha-r- 2
face="Times New Roman Star"z?|as?yl 1
face="Times New Roman Star"z?asyl 1
face="Times New Roman Star"jasyl 1
face="Times New Roman Star"ja"s?el 1
face="Times New Roman Star"z?as?il 1
face="Times New Roman Star"jes?il 1
face="Times New Roman Star"jes?li 1
face="Times New Roman Star"z?asyl 1
face="Times New Roman Star"ja"s?il 1
face="Times New Roman Star"jas?yl 1
face="Times New Roman Star"Derived from PT *ja:l/ 'young, green vegetables' (OUygh. jas?, MK jas?, Turkm. ja:s?, see ÝÑÒß 4, 162, EDT 975, 976, Ôåäîòîâ 2, 134, Stachowski 93). This root is often mixed with homophonous *ja:l/ 'tear' and *ja:l/ 'age, year', see ÝÑÒß 4, 161-164 (all three roots have different Altaic etymologies). Turk. > Mong. jasil 'buckthorn' (Clark 1980, 41).
face="Times New Roman Star"es?et- (Kashg., ÓÍÑ 109)
face="Times New Roman Star"es?it-, pass. es?idil-
face="Times New Roman Star"es?it-, pass. es?idil-
face="Times New Roman Star"is- / ist-
face="Times New Roman Star"is?u"t-
face="Times New Roman Star"ilt-
face="Times New Roman Star"ihit-, pass. ihilin-
face="Times New Roman Star"ihit-, pass. ihilin-
face="Times New Roman Star"es?it-
face="Times New Roman Star"est-
face="Times New Roman Star"esit-
face="Times New Roman Star"is?et-
face="Times New Roman Star"es?t-
face="Times New Roman Star"is?it-
face="Times New Roman Star"s?it-
face="Times New Roman Star"esit-
face="Times New Roman Star"is?ti-
face="Times New Roman Star"es?it-
face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 51, EDT 257-8, ÝÑÒß 1, 318-319, Åãîðîâ 69, Stachowski 123. Note -d- in Runic and the voicing of -t before a vowel in Az. and Turkm. Khak. has two forms of stem (is- and iste-, morphonologically distributed, so that is- < iste-; the same historical process could have occurred with. Ku"a"r. a"s?-, Kach. es?- (R 1, 905); so the only clear evidence for the stem *el/- are Tatar dialectal reflexes (in which case -t may be a causative suffix, see Bang 1925, Zaja,czkowski 1932). Shor este- 'to hear', estel- 'to be heard' do not belong here, being derived from *es > is 'mind, memory', like Mod. Uygh. an|la- 'to hear' < an| 'mind'.
face="Times New Roman Star"1 many, very 2 vile, hooligan 3 to gather, multiply 4 group, crowd
face="Times New Roman Star"1 ìíîãî, î÷åíü 2 äóðíîé, õóëèãàí, áàëîâíèê 3 ñîáèðàòü(ñÿ), ðàçìíîæàòü(ñÿ) 4 òîëïà, ìíîæåñòâî
face="Times New Roman Star"c?oq 1 (ÄÒÑ - KB), c?o:q 2 (MK - Oghuz), c?og|-al- 3
face="Times New Roman Star"c?ok (-g|u) 1, c?og|al- 3
face="Times New Roman Star"c?oq 1 (Sangl., Oghuz-nama, AH), c?oq- 3 (Abush.)
face="Times New Roman Star"c?ox 1, c?oxal- 3
face="Times New Roman Star"c?oq (-qu) 4
face="Times New Roman Star"sox 2
face="Times New Roman Star"c?oq- 3
face="Times New Roman Star"s?og| 2
face="Times New Roman Star"c?oq 1
face="Times New Roman Star"s?og|yr 4
face="Times New Roman Star"s?oq 'äðóæíî'
face="Times New Roman Star"c?oju 4, c?oq-la-n- 3
face="Times New Roman Star"c?oq 1, c?og|y 4 (K)
face="Times New Roman Star"s?oq 2, 4
face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 113, EDT 405, 406. The Oghuz adverb 'much', in the 12th c. (KB) 'very, extremely', is probably the same word as c?oq 'bad, vile'(Ogh. 11) (cf. also the Tuva parallel). Turk. > Mong. (Khalkha) cox in coxxara 'very black'. The identification of c?oq-(la-) 'gather, collect' with c?og|-la- 'to bind, pack' (ÄÒÑ) or c?oq- 'to bend' (EDT) is rather dubious. Vocalic length is unclear (cf. the voicing of -k- in Western Oghuz).
face="Times New Roman Star"go"g|u"s 1, ko"krek 1 (dial.)
face="Times New Roman Star"ko"gu"s 1 (dial., ÊÑÒÒ), ku"kre|k 1, 4
face="Times New Roman Star"ko"gs, ko"gu"s (Sangl.), ko"ku"s (MA) 1, ko"krek (Abush., Áîð. Áàä.) 1
face="Times New Roman Star"ku.ks 1, 3, ko|kra"k 1, 4
face="Times New Roman Star"ko"ku"s 1, ko"kra"k 1
face="Times New Roman Star"ko"ku"s, go":s 1
face="Times New Roman Star"ko"ks, ko"ku"s 1
face="Times New Roman Star"go"vu"s 1, ku"krek 1
face="Times New Roman Star"ko"gis 1
face="Times New Roman Star"ko"gu"s 1
face="Times New Roman Star"ko"gu"s 1, 3
face="Times New Roman Star"kúw|gúw|r 1
face="Times New Roman Star"ko"g|u"s 2
face="Times New Roman Star"ko"ksu" 'back'
face="Times New Roman Star"ko"ku"ro"k 1
face="Times New Roman Star"ko"kirek 1
face="Times New Roman Star"ko"kirek 1
face="Times New Roman Star"ku"kra"k 1
face="Times New Roman Star"ko"ku"rek 1
face="Times New Roman Star"gu":s 1
face="Times New Roman Star"ko"kis 1, ko"kra"k 1
face="Times New Roman Star"ko"kirek 1
face="Times New Roman Star"go"frix 4?
face="Times New Roman Star"ko"ku"rek 1
face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 714, VEWT 288, ÝÑÒß 3, 54-55, 5, 136-137, Ëåêñèêà 272-274, Stachowski 155. The Oghuz forms with k- (Turkm. ku"krek, Tur. dial. ko"krek) may be < Kypchak, cf. -u"- instead of -o"- in Turkm.
face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 489, VEWT 457, ÝÑÒß 3, 130-131, Ëåêñèêà 125-126, Stachowski 216. Turkm. tal (with irregular t-) may be a loan from Kypchak: there seems to be no reason to postulate two different roots for PT.
face="Times New Roman Star"1 smoke 2 soot, dirty smoke 3 scent, odour 4 fumes
face="Times New Roman Star"1 äûì 2 êîïîòü, ñàæà 3 çàïàõ, àðîìàò 4 èñïàðåíèÿ
face="Times New Roman Star"is 2
face="Times New Roman Star"is 3
face="Times New Roman Star"is 1
face="Times New Roman Star"his 2
face="Times New Roman Star"y:s 3
face="Times New Roman Star"jús 3
face="Times New Roman Star"y:s 1, 2
face="Times New Roman Star"y:s 1, 2
face="Times New Roman Star"is 4
face="Times New Roman Star"ijis 3
face="Times New Roman Star"ijis 3
face="Times New Roman Star"ÝÑÒß 1, 379, Åãîðîâ 76, Stachowski 263. The original meaning must have been 'smell, odour', see notes to *y:l/(c?) (cf. the opposition ys 'soot' - ijis 'smell' in Nogai etc.).